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Upload and download traffic often coexist in mobile networks. However, TCP download throughput could be substantially degraded by upload traffic even if the downlink is not the bottleneck. Previous works such as RSFC and TCP-RRE can substantially improve TCP download throughput in the presence of concurrent TCP upload flows, albeit at the expense of significantly degraded upload throughput performance. This work addresses this limitation by developing a novel Aggregate Transmission Rate Controller with Upload and Download flows aggregations (ATRC-UD) to jointly accelerate concurrent TCP upload and download flows from/to the same mobile device. The insight is that existing TCP as well as other flow-based approaches all suffer from ACK packets delayed by data packets from TCP flows in the opposite direction, resulting in significant errors in bandwidth estimation. By contrast, ATRC-UD …