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To report the prevalence and causes of visual impairment in seven‐year‐old children in Iran and its relationship with socio‐economic conditions.

In a cross‐sectional population‐based study, first‐grade students in the primary schools of eight cities in the country were randomly selected from different geographic locations using multistage cluster sampling. The examinations included visual acuity measurement, ocular motility evaluation, and cycloplegic and non‐cycloplegic refraction. Using the definitions of the World Health Organization (presenting visual acuity less than or equal to 6/18 in the better eye) to estimate the prevalence of vision impairment, the present study reported presenting visual impairment in seven‐year‐old children.

Of 4,614 selected students, 4,106 students participated in the study (response rate 89-per cent), of whom 2,127 (51.8-per cent) were male. The …