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Background. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a powerful risk factor for all-cause mortality and its most common aetiology, cardiovascular (CV) mortality. Mineral metabolism disturbances occur very early during the course of CKD but their control has been poor. A number of studies have assessed the relationship between all-cause mortality, CV mortality and events with mineral disturbances in CKD patients, but with considerable discrepancy and heterogeneity in results. Thus, a systematic review was conducted to assess methodological and clinical heterogeneity by comparing designs, analytical approaches and results of studies.

Methods. Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were systematically searched for articles published between January 1980 and December 2007.

Results. Thirty-five studies were included in the review. All-cause mortality was the most commonly …