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This chapter reviews helicopter human factors. Many issues that may be termed human factors influence pilots' abilities to accomplish different missions using available equipment. To the extent the demands of the mission or the environment exceed their capacities or the controls and displays they must use are poorly designed, system performance will suffer and pilots will experience unacceptable levels of workload. A concern that pilot workload levels will be unacceptably high in single-pilot operations has become a primary driver for the development of technology for the next generation of helicopters such as the LHX. The requirement for a single pilot to accomplish primary flight path control, navigation, mission management, coordination, weapons delivery, and defense, at night, in all weather conditions in the NOE environment have necessitated the development of complex avionics …