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Cattle–yak, the first filial generation of yak and ordinary cattle, showed obvious hybrid vigor, but a difficult problem in crossbreeding and improvement of yak is that the males are sterile. Thus it is not possible to steadily utilize the heterosis. So the study of the mechanism of male sterility is still one of the most interesting fields in yak science. Therefore, this paper will review contemporary studies in cattle–yak male sterility including the process of spermatogenesis, development of genital organs, pituitary and endocrinology, biochemical genetics and candidate genes correlating spermatogenesis, etc.