Conspectus With a plethora of advances in nanotechnology and biotechnology, the
development of natural particle-based drug delivery vectors is a rapidly emerging field; …

Nanotechnology is a fast-evolving field focused on fabricating nanoscale objects for
industrial, cosmetic, and therapeutic applications. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are self …

Several nanoparticle platforms are currently being developed for applications in medicine,
including both synthetic materials and naturally occurring bionanomaterials such as viral …

Over the last two decades virus‑like particles (VLPs) have become an important tool in
biomedical research and medicine. VLPs are multi‑protein structures that resemble viable …

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are protein-based, nanoscale, self-assembling, cage
architectures, which have relevant applications in biomedicine. They can be used for the …

Viruses are nanomaterials with a number of properties that surpass those of many synthetic
nanoparticles (NPs) for biomedical applications. They possess a rigorously ordered …

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are nanostructures assemble from viral proteins. Besides widely
used for vaccine development, VLPs have also been explored as nanocarriers for cargo …

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are nanoscale biological structures consisting of viral proteins
assembled in a morphology that mimic the native virion but do not contain the viral genetic …

Highlights•Virus-like particles (VLPs) are versatile structuresfor drug-delivery applications.•
Mutations to VLP structural proteins can improve VLP drug delivery.•VLP–cargo loading …

Viral nanoparticles (VNPs) encompass a diverse array of naturally occurring nanomaterials
derived from plant viruses, bacteriophages, and mammalian viruses. The application and …