Research is needed to understand how to best design video lectures that foster learning. We
tested whether instructor presence is better afforded through methods that increase students' …

The instructor's on-screen presence, rather than just voice, has rapidly become a popular
feature in video lectures. Eye gaze and body orientation are core indicators of an instructor's …

This study tested 3 instructor presence features in learning from video lectures: dynamic
drawings, eye contact with the camera, and instructor visibility. In 2 experiments, college …

This study tested the mutual effects of the instructor's eye gaze and facial expression on
students' eye movements (ie first fixation time to the slides, percentage dwell time on the …

An increasing number of instructional videos online integrate a real instructor on the video
screen. So far, the empirical evidence from previous studies has been limited and …

Instructor behaviour is known to affect learning performance, but it is unclear which specific
instructor behaviours can optimize learning. We used eye‐tracking technology and …

This study tested the interaction effect of the instructor's eye gaze (direct gaze vs. averted
gaze) and facial expression (happy face vs. neutral face) on students' attention and learning …

This study explores the role of the instructor's face and eye gaze as social and attentional
cues in promoting learning from a video lecture on kidney physiology. In a 2× 2 between …

Empirical research to date has not distinguished the effects of the instructor's pointing
gestures from directed gaze in video lectures. This study tested the hypothesis that the …

Video modeling examples are videos in which an instructor explains and/or demonstrates
how to perform a task or procedure. These examples have become increasingly prevalent in …