The paper is concerned with spatial clustering of economic activity and its relation to the
spatiality of knowledge creation in interactive learning processes. It questions the view that …

At the very foundation of the cluster concept is the idea that proximity matters. The literature
suggests that this is manifest in a number of important ways. First, the geographical …

I Setting the scene: the cluster debate Having questioned some of the assumptions in the
literature on innovation systems in territorial contexts in my first report (Bathelt, 2003), this …

The established fact that knowledge in society is always distributed and dispersed can be
given a dynamic interpretation when perceived as the outcome of an ongoing deepening of …

This article aims to show how processes of knowledge development and their institutional
underpinnings make up the core of evolutionary economic geography. We argue that micro …

This article aims to clarify how epistemic communities dynamically shape the process of
knowledge creation in a localized context and how the evolving interaction between different …

abstract This article links up with the debate in economic geography on “local buzz” and
“global pipelines” as two distinct forms of interactive knowledge creation among firms and …

The article focuses on the relationship between technological and organizational innovation,
and territories. This relationship is connected to interactions between learning processes …

For more than twenty years, a strong case has been made that territorial agglomerations are
growing in importance as a competitive location for economic activities (Asheim and …

G lückler J. Knowledge, networks and space: connectivity and the problem of non-interactive
learning, Regional Studies. This paper develops an integrative perspective of network …