The stimulation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces the
release of critical proinflammatory cytokines that are necessary to activate potent immune …

Human Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is a signaling receptor that responds to LPS and activates
NF-κB. Here, we investigate further the events triggered by TLR2 in response to LPS. We …

TLR4 is a member of the recently identified Toll-like receptor family of proteins and has been
putatively identified as Lps, the gene necessary for potent responses to lipopolysaccharide …

Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) belongs to the family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs).
They are highly conserved receptors that recognize conserved pathogen‐associated …

Signaling through Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) is thought to initiate innate and adaptive
immune responses. Signaling of TLR4 is usually studied using isolated cells, which are …

The human homologue of Drosophila Toll (hToll), also called Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), is a
recently cloned receptor of the IL-1/Toll receptor family. Interestingly, the TLR4 gene has …

ABSTRACT Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been identified as a transmembrane protein
involved in the host innate immune response to gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide …

Early recognition of invading bacteria by the innate immune system has a crucial function in
antibacterial defense by triggering inflammatory responses that prevent the spread of …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of proteins playing important roles in host defense.
Mice defective of functional TLR4 are hyporesponsive to LPS, suggesting that TLR4 is …

We investigated counteracting interactions between the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from
Escherichia coli (Ec-LPS) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg-LPS), which induce cellular …