… , microglia can change their numbers, morphological characteristics, molecular pattern, and
functions [132]. Activated microglia … released from activated microglia induce activation of …

… Cytokines activate microglia and astrocytes and activate microglia to secrete inflammatory
mediators, inducing altered neuroplasticity, and other neuropathologies resulting in neuro-…

… mechanisms driving neurological disease in COVID-19 patients. … of mild COVID-19 found
that activated microglia persisted for … that microglia could be partly responsible for neurological …

… %) while severe neurologic disorders such as … COVID-19 patients. Common neuropathological
findings in the 184 patients reviewed include microglial activation (42.9%) with microglial …

… the neurological abnormalities observed in COVID-19 patients could be related to the
neuroinflammation resulting from microglial responses to viral, hypoxic, and inflammatory insults. …

… In this study, it was hypothesized that anosmia, a common neurological symptom in COVID‐19
… In summary, microglial hyper‐activation is associated with several diseases and serious …

… -COVID cases (mean ± SEM = 230.85 ± 30.57 versus 41.20 ± 9.35 cells/mm 2 , P < 0.0001).
Activated microglia … development of the neurological manifestations seen in acute COVID-19 …

… COVID-19 and neuroinflammation-induced neurological alterations. Understanding the
signaling pathways activated within the CNS upon COVID-… Activated microglial cells induce the …

… ) appears to be a key factor in the pathogenesis of neurological damage, particularly in
the elderly or in patients with dementia. As recently pointed out, the exact mechanisms …

… microglia, as well as of immune cells required for brain health, is considered critical in defining
the neurological damage and neurological outcome of COVID-… -activated microglial state, …