Impaired vaccine responses in older individuals are associated with alterations in both the
quantity and quality of the T-cell compartment with age. As reviewed herein, the T-cell …

CD4 T cells, and especially T follicular helper cells, are critical for the generation of a robust
humoral response to an infection or vaccination. Importantly, immunosenescence affects …

There is a dramatic remodeling of the T cell compartment during aging. The most notorious
changes are the reduction of the naive T cell pool and the accumulation of memory-like T …

Healthy aging requires an optimal balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory
immune responses. Although CD4+ T cells play an essential role in many immune …

Immunosenescence, describing alterations, including decline of immune responses with
age, is comprised of inappropriate elevations, decreases, and dysregulated immune …

Accumulation of senescent cells in organs and tissues is a hallmark of aging and known to
contribute to age-related diseases. Although aging-associated immune dysfunction, or …

Age-associated changes in CD4 T-cell functionality have been linked to chronic
inflammation and decreased immunity. However, a detailed characterization of CD4 T cell …

Age-related T cell dysfunction can lead to failure of immune tolerance mechanisms, resulting
in aberrant T cell-driven cytokine and cytotoxic responses that ultimately cause tissue …

Aging is generally characterized as a gradual increase in tissue damage, which is
associated with senescence and chronic systemic inflammation and is evident in a variety of …

Aging leads to dysregulation of multiple components of the immune system that results in
increased susceptibility to infections and poor response to vaccines in the aging population …