SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 subunit induces neuroinflammatory, microglial and behavioral sickness responses: Evidence of PAMP-like properties

MG Frank, KH Nguyen, JB Ball, S Hopkins… - Brain, Behavior, and …, 2022 - Elsevier
SARS-CoV-2 infection produces neuroinflammation as well as neurological, cognitive (ie,
brain fog), and neuropsychiatric symptoms (eg, depression, anxiety), which can persist for …

Exploring the immunogenic properties of SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins: PAMP: TLR signaling in the mediation of the neuroinflammatory and neurologic sequelae of …

MG Frank, M Fleshner, SF Maier - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 2023 - Elsevier
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) produces an array of
neurologic and neuropsychiatric symptoms in the acute and post-acute phase of infection …

Role of SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein-induced activation of microglia and mast cells in the pathogenesis of neuro-COVID

TC Theoharides, D Kempuraj - Cells, 2023 - mdpi.com
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19). About 45% of COVID-19 patients experience several symptoms a …

SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces cognitive deficit and anxiety-like behavior in mouse via non-cell autonomous hippocampal neuronal death

J Oh, WH Cho, E Barcelon, KH Kim, J Hong, SJ Lee - Scientific reports, 2022 - nature.com
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is accompanied
by chronic neurological sequelae such as cognitive decline and mood disorder, but the …

What SARS-CoV-2 does to our brains

T Aschman, R Mothes, FL Heppner, H Radbruch - Immunity, 2022 - cell.com
Neurological symptoms in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients have been reported, but their
cause remains unclear. In theory, the neurological symptoms observed after SARS-CoV-2 …

[PDF][PDF] SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein induces TLR4-mediated long-term cognitive dysfunction recapitulating post-COVID-19 syndrome in mice

FL Fontes-Dantas, GG Fernandes, EG Gutman… - Cell reports, 2023 - cell.com
Cognitive dysfunction is often reported in patients with post-coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) syndrome, but its underlying mechanisms are not completely understood …

SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein S1 induces neuroinflammation in BV-2 microglia

OA Olajide, VU Iwuanyanwu, OD Adegbola… - Molecular …, 2022 - Springer
In addition to respiratory complications produced by SARS‐CoV‐2, accumulating evidence
suggests that some neurological symptoms are associated with the disease caused by this …

[HTML][HTML] Hyperinflammatory immune response and COVID-19: a double edged sword

LY Tan, TV Komarasamy… - Frontiers in …, 2021 - frontiersin.org
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) elicited by the severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused devastating health, economic and social impact …

[HTML][HTML] Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and glial cells: Insights and perspectives

G Vargas, LHM Geraldo, NG Salomão, MV Paes… - Brain, behavior, & …, 2020 - Elsevier
In December 2019, a pneumonia outbreak was reported in Wuhan, Hubei province, China.
Since then, the World Health Organization declared a public health emergency of …

SARS-CoV-2 spike protein accumulation in the skull-meninges-brain axis: Potential implications for long-term neurological complications in post-COVID-19

Z Rong, H Mai, S Kapoor, VG Puelles, J Czogalla… - BioRxiv, 2023 - biorxiv.org
ABSTRACT Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been associated mainly with a range of …