Immunological memory is the basis of protective immunity provided by vaccines and
previous infections. Immunological memory can develop from multiple branches of the …

INTRODUCTION Immunological memory is the basis for durable protective immunity after
infections or vaccinations. Duration of immunological memory after severe acute respiratory …

BACKGROUND Immunization against SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19,
occurs via natural infection or vaccination. However, it is currently unknown how long …

Understanding the causes of the diverse outcome of COVID-19 pandemic in different
geographical locations is important for the worldwide vaccine implementation and pandemic …

Immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is
central to long-term control of the current pandemic. Despite our rapidly advancing …

Multiple COVID-19 vaccines, representing diverse vaccine platforms, successfully protect
against symptomatic COVID-19 cases and deaths. Head-to-head comparisons of T cell, B …

Understanding which arms of the immune response are responsible for protection against
SARS-CoV-2 infection is key to predicting long-term immunity and to inform vaccine design …

The factors responsible for the spectrum of coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) disease severity and
the genesis and nature of protective immunity against COVID-19 remain elusive. Multiple …

Vaccines induce specific long-term immunological memory against pathogens, preventing
the worsening of diseases. The COVID-19 health emergency has caused more than 6 …

As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has progressed, increasing attention has focused on
establishing natural and vaccine-induced immunity against this coronavirus and the …