SARS-CoV-2 envelope (E) protein binds and activates TLR2 pathway: a novel molecular target for COVID-19 interventions

R Planès, JB Bert, S Tairi, L BenMohamed, E Bahraoui - Viruses, 2022 - mdpi.com
TLR response [39]. The results presented in Figure 3A show that the E protein from SARS-CoV-2 …
, while GST and GST-Nef, two unrelated SARS-CoV-2 gene products, used as controls, …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) membrane (M) protein inhibits type I and III interferon production by targeting RIG-I/MDA-5 signaling

Y Zheng, MW Zhuang, L Han, J Zhang… - Signal transduction and …, 2020 - nature.com
… type III IFNs (/2/3) by infected cells. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) senses dsRNA in endosomes,
… (TRIF) is recruited to the cytoplasmic domain of TLR3. TRIF further associates with receptor-…

Exploring the SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins for multi-epitope vaccine development: an in-silico approach

A Kumar, P Kumar, KU Saumya… - Expert review of …, 2020 - Taylor & Francis
… The structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 involved in its survival and pathogenicity were
used … human TLR-3 receptor. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations of the vaccine-TLR-3

Toll-like receptor mediation in SARS-CoV-2: a therapeutic approach

A Manan, RH Pirzada, M Haseeb, S Choi - International journal of …, 2022 - mdpi.com
TLRs have been employed as therapeutic agents in viral infections as … are TLR agonists.
This review highlights the therapeutic approaches associated with SARS-CoV-2 and the TLRs

Possible link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and Parkinson's disease: the role of toll-like receptor 4

C Conte - International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021 - mdpi.com
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of ongoing pandemic coronavirus
In this review, the neurotropic potential of SARS-CoV-2 and its possible involvement in the …

Interferon induction, evasion, and paradoxical roles during SARSCoV‐2 infection

C Chiale, TT Greene, EI Zuniga - Immunological Reviews, 2022 - Wiley Online Library
… with inborn errors in TLR3 were compromised in their control of SARS-CoV-2 replication. …
TLR3 in the control of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and make it tempting to speculate that TLR3-…

… approaches to design a trivalent subunit vaccine for induction of immune response against emerging human coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2

A Rahmani, M Baee, K Saleki, S Moradi… - Journal of Biomolecular …, 2022 - Taylor & Francis
… Then, we simulated the TLR3 (as the main involved TLR in virus infections)-vaccine in a
blood-like environment. VMD (Humphrey et al., Citation1996), and UCSF chimera softwares …

[HTML][HTML] SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 subunit induces pro-inflammatory responses via toll-like receptor 4 signaling in murine and human macrophages

K Shirato, T Kizaki - Heliyon, 2021 - cell.com
… However, it remains to be elucidated whether SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 … TLRs and
signaling pathways mediate these responses. In the present study, we found that SARS-CoV-2 …

TLR4 as a therapeutic target for respiratory and neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2

D Kaushik, R Bhandari, A Kuhad - Expert Opinion on Therapeutic …, 2021 - Taylor & Francis
… Molecular docking studies have also suggested substantial binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike
protein to TLRs 1,6,4, out of which the binding between TLR4 and spike protein was found to …

Role of IFN and complements system: innate immunity in SARS-CoV-2

T Shibabaw, MD Molla, B Teferi… - Journal of inflammation …, 2020 - Taylor & Francis
… acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This … , we propose the mechanism
of SARS-CoV-2-associated acute … TLRs are anchored to the endosomal membrane (TLR-3, …