With the increasing use of wireless terminals, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have
received significant attention owing to their wide usage in monitoring harsh environments …

The biggest challenges faced by wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are the network lifetime
and consumption of energy. To reduce the amount of energy used by WSNs, high quality …

Minimising energy consumption has always been an issue of crucial importance in sensor
networks. Most of the energy is consumed in data transmission from sensor nodes to the …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) exert a pull on the modern research community towards
many design challenges, especially, constraints on their lifetimes. Solutions proposed to …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are employed in various applications from healthcare to
military. Due to their limited, tiny power sources, energy becomes the most precious …

Because of its efficiency, clustering is used for effective communication in Wireless Sensor
Networks (WSNs). In the WSN clustering area, fuzzy approaches are found to be superior to …

In order to conserve energy in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), sensor nodes are
partitioned into clusters. Clustering algorithm provides an effective way to extend the …

Currently, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are providing practical solutions for various
applications, including smart agriculture and healthcare, and have provided essential …

Lifetime enhancement has always been a crucial issue as most of the wireless sensor
networks (WSNs) operate in unattended environment where human access and monitoring …

During the past few years, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become widely used
due to their large amount of applications. The use of WSNs is an imperative necessity for …