Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are widely used in challenging environments, making it
crucial to optimize the energy consumption of sensor nodes. One way to achieve energy …

The features that sensor nodes are powered by battery and have severe energy constraint
make the design of energy-efficient protocol a key task for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) …

Clustering is an approach exploited in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to enhance their
performance and energy efficiency. Therefore, cluster formation and proper cluster head …

Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are made up of small low-power nodes that are
used in different areas like environment monitoring and several military and civilian …

ABSTRACT A WSN is an interconnected set of sensor nodes with limited battery capacity
which makes energy efficiency an important parameter in the design of any protocol for …

Energy consumption in wireless sensor network (WSN) is one of the important issues as tiny
sensor nodes are equipped with a non‐replaceable batteries. Clustering is one of the …

A collection of smaller, less expensive sensor nodes called wireless sensor networks
(WSNs) use their sensing range to gather environmental data. Data are sent in a multi-hop …

Clustering routing is one of the most prevailing approaches for saving energy in wireless
sensor networks (WSNs). However, many existing clustering protocols have the problem of …

Wireless sensor network (WSN) plays a major role in collecting information from different
locations using battery powered sensor nodes in order to forward it to the sink node. The …

The significant advances in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) facilitate many latest
applications, such as intelligent battlefield, home automation, traffic control, and more. WSNs …