heterogeneous VANETs and 4G LTE cellular networks. The proposed scheme is based on
timer-based contention strategy to elect some potential vehicles equipped with both 4G LTE
and IEEE 802.11 p-based-VANETs interfaces among several other neighboring to act as
vehicular gateways in the network, for providing Internet access to source vehicles moving in
the road. Therefore, if one source vehicle does not have any gateway in its coverage, the …