With huge amounts of multimedia information connected to the global information network
(Internet), efficient and effective image retrieval from large image and video repositories has
become an imminent research issue. This article presents our research in the C-BIRD
(content-based image retrieval in digital-libraries) project. In addition to the use of common
features such as color, texture, shape, and their conjuncts, and the combined content-based
and description-based techniques, it is shown that (a) color-channel-normalization enables …