The microbiome-gut-brain axis in health and disease
The human adult gut contains more than 1 kg of bacteria, essentially the same weight as the
human brain. 1 It is generally estimated that the gut is inhabited by 1013 to 1014
microorganisms, which is significantly more than the number of human cells in the body, and
contains more than 100 times as many genes as in the genome. 2 Amazingly, the genomic
and biochemical complexity of the microbiota exceeds that of the brain. Studies of the brain-
gut-microbiota axis have been described as a paradigm shift in neuroscience. 3 Increasing …
human brain. 1 It is generally estimated that the gut is inhabited by 1013 to 1014
microorganisms, which is significantly more than the number of human cells in the body, and
contains more than 100 times as many genes as in the genome. 2 Amazingly, the genomic
and biochemical complexity of the microbiota exceeds that of the brain. Studies of the brain-
gut-microbiota axis have been described as a paradigm shift in neuroscience. 3 Increasing …
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