… generating novel threats to ethical surgical care. To understand … issues that may arise from
applying AI to surgery, starting from the Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence …

… topics in artificial intelligence (AI), including their applications and limitations in surgery. …
predictions of in-hospital mortality after open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair with sensitivity of …

… usage in surgery will be highlighted, concluding with ongoing challenges to enabling AI for
surgery. … In other AI domains [19], there are many open data sets that can be used to develop, …

… integrating AI into surgical education and training. This manuscript aims to explore the
opportunities, challenges, and ethical issues associated with the use of AI in surgery education. …

… and artificial intelligence in surgical care, examining the difficulties, potential advantages,
and moral issues … The quick development of artificial intelligence (AI) opens up intriguing …

… the term digital surgery and gain expert consensus on the key ethical and data governance
issues, … The results of this study will define the term digital surgery, identify the key issues and …

… surgical centers, industry and surgical societies [93]. The issue of ethics as it pertains to artificial
intelligence surgery … actions in surgery is unclear because in general surgical robots that …

… and challenges with effective AI and robotic implementation in surgery and ethical issues that
… can adapt in real time, which would open new possibilities for improving patient outcomes. …

… development and implementation challenges, overcome them, … artificial intelligence has the
potential to augment surgeons … overcome these challenges, the authors advocate for open-…

… some of the ethical issues raised by AI is further research into how to make the systems’
decisions understandable to surgeons and patients. Artificial intelligence systems should be …