… uptake of [ 11 C]-verapamil, which is normally extruded from the brain … midbrain of PD patients
relative to controls. This is the first evidence supporting a dysfunctional blood–brain barrier …

… We did not find changed P-gp function in the cerebellum in the MSA patients. However, the
MSA patients in this study did not show symptoms of cerebellar dysfunction and MRI scans …

… that blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is involved in the course of Parkinson's disease
(PD… In humans, PD BBB integrity has previously been assessed in the midbrain. Extravascular …

Background Blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption has been noted in animal models of
Parkinson’s disease (PD) and forms the basis of the vascular hypothesis of neurodegeneration, …

… To investigate the possibility of BBB dysfunction in PD, we started with examining the …
with Parkinson's disease. (a) Representative immunofluorescence images of midbrain from …

… brain, over time damaging sensitive neuronal cells eg dopamine neurons in the
mesencephalon… is important as an inhibiting factor of brain penetration of exogenic substances. …

… transporter function in the midbrain, which suggested that an impaired BBB causes or
accelerates PD progression. (12) Developing an appreciation of BBB dysfunction in PD will not …

… In this review we discuss the implications of astrocyte functions in the protection of the BBB,
and in the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and related disorders. Additionally, we …

… Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder in aged people. … liver
and MBL infiltration into to the midbrain are relevant to Parkinson's disease. In addition, the role …

… The clinical exam at baseline and 3-month follow-up visits comprised the MDS-UPDRS (Movement
Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale…