The design of a building is a complicated process, having to formulate diverse components
through unique tasks involving different personalities and organisations in order to satisfy …

nD modelling is a research topic that has started to gain momentum and interest worldwide.
This roadmap is an update of the 2005 RICS paper series 'nD modelling-a driver or enabler …

The terms 'nD modelling'and 'nD CAD'are becoming escalating idioms associated with ICT-
based (information communication technologies) building design; a concept which has been …

There is currently an abundance of research into new and emerging issues in IT to improve
construction practice. Some of these initiatives have become buzzwords and have failed to …

One of the principal challenges facing the construction industry today is how to improve the
efficiency and effectiveness of the design and construction process. Moreover, what …

This paper investigates the requirements of product modelling in the construction industry.
Product models incorporate multifaceted aspects of design information (required at each …

This essential book introduces the concept of nD modelling, which takes the theory of
computer modelling of the built environment to n dimensions. nD modelling utilizes a …

The term n dimensional modeling (nD) is gaining increased usage in the field of information
communication technologies (ICTs) in construction; the concept is heightened by the£ 0.5 …

At present, during the early design stage of a building, different options are assessed using
simple tools (tables, graphs and software) that contain a large number of assumptions the …

University education is no stranger to change, but the rapid development of today's
information technology (IT) is posing great challenges to academics who have to consider its …