Clinical evidence indicates that the fatal outcome observed with severe acute respiratory
syndrome-coronavirus-2 infection often results from alveolar injury that impedes airway …

ABSTRACT Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has seriously affected the treatment of
patients and social stability. In the later stage of disease, some COVID-19 patients may …

Balanced immune regulation is crucial for recognizing an invading pathogen, its killing, and
elimination. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are the key regulators of the innate immune system. It …

Patients with COVID-19 who require ICU admission might have the cytokine storm. It is a
state of out-of-control release of a variety of inflammatory cytokines. The molecular …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has seriously affected the safety of patients and
social stability. Some COVID-19 patients in the later stage of disease may develop into acute …

COVID-19 is a rapidly spreading global threat that has been declared as a pandemic by the
WHO. COVID-19 is transmitted via droplets or direct contact and infects the respiratory tract …

The critical role of the innate immune system has been confirmed in driving local and
systemic inflammation and the cytokine release storm in severe acute respiratory syndrome …

CONCLUSION Although we admit that supportive care and antiviral therapy remain the
mainstay for treating patients with COVID-19, we recommend that treatments for controlling …

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global outbreak and severely posed
threat to people's health and social stability. Mounting evidence suggests that …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) can trigger a cytokine
storm in the pulmonary tissue by releasing various types of mediators, leading to acute …