Holographic gratings in photorefractive crystals that are based on charge redistribution
inevitably decay as a result of ionic and electronic conduction. Under certain and restricted …

We present a theoretical model that describes holographic ionic fixing and storage dynamics
in photorefractive crystals. Holographic gratings that are based on charge redistribution …

In this paper, the fundamental characteristics of the photorefractive effect, both in bulk
crystals and waveguides, as well as some of the most important photorefractive materials …

The kinetics of erasure of sinusoidal holographic gratings in photorefractive materials has
been investigated. A general solution applying to arbitrary transport lengths in comparison to …

Light-induced refractive index changes—so-called photorefractive effects—in inorganic
electro-optic crystals were discovered by Ashkin et al. in 1966 [1]. Though in the beginning …

Absorption and scattering, or fanning, have a pronounced effect on the observed dynamics
of the photorefractive effect. In this article these effects are included in the coupled wave …

The principles of the photorefractive storage process in doped LiNbO 3 are derived in a
closed-form expression based on a linear charge transport equation. The inspection of the …

A mathematical model is developed to account for the fixing and developing behavior of
holographic gratings in photorefractive materials such as LiNbO_3. All transport processes …

With emphasis on LiNbO 3 the basic principles, the developments over four decades, and
recent applications of the thermal fixation of photorefractive holograms are reviewed …

The thermal and optical stability of photorefractive holograms written in iron-doped LiNbO 3
have been measured over the temperature range from 50 to 165 degrees C. In each case …