Purpose: This work presents a study on the female involvement in patent applications in all
23 Ibero-American countries that are WIPO members, in order to measure gender …

Women are under-represented in science, but their presence is especially low in industrial
research and in activities related to technological innovation. Spanish technological activity …

The under-representation of women in science and technology is a matter of current great
concern. Obtaining patent-based indicators by gender is crucial to analyse the situation of …

Although female involvement in science and technology has been growing over recent
years, it is still low. Latin America is no exception. Even though the Latin American region …

Women involvement in Spanish patent applications at the Spanish Patent Office during the
period 1990-2005 is analysed. Female inventors were present in 16% of the patents …

Purpose Recent years have seen increased participation by women in Science and
Technology activities, but parity with men remains a distant goal. This paper provides a …

Obtaining indicators of technological activity by gender is needed to increase our knowledge
about the contribution of women to innovation and technological development. These …

Purpose–This chapter explores the actual situation of women as patent originators in the
European Union (EU) and provides insights into the innovation climate in companies by …

Innovation is critical to economic development (Schumpeter, 1934) and depends upon the
full participation of the scientific workforce (Hunt, Garant, Herman, & Munroe, 2013). Yet, the …

Following the Organization of Economic and Cooperation and Development
recommendations, we have used patent data comprised in the PATENTSCOPE database as …