Experiencing an environment by navigating in it or reading a map (route and survey views,
respectively) is a typical activity of everyday life. Previous research has demonstrated that …

Do humans integrate experience on specific routes into metric survey knowledge of the
environment, or do they depend on a simpler strategy of landmark navigation? The authors …

Humans and many non-human animals need to accurately and efficiently navigate from one
place to the next in their environment. Over 3,000 years ago the volcanic islands of the …

According to an influential concept, humans acquire spatial knowledge about their
environment in three distinct stages: landmark knowledge is acquired first, then route …

We present two experiments investigating how navigators deal with ambiguous landmark
information when learning unfamiliar routes. In the experiments we presented landmark …

Abstract Models of the spatial knowledge people acquire from maps and navigation and the
procedures required for spatial judgments using this knowledge are proposed. From a map …

Landmarks are fundamental elements for people to learn an environment. People use these
landmarks to enrich their route descriptions (for example, when anchoring movements at …

Although the process of establishing a memoryof a location is necessary for navigation,
relatively little is known about theinformation that humans use when forming placememories …

Cognitive mapping is central to spatial behavior and decision making. The cumulative
process of spatial learning, during which cognitive maps develop primarily through …

We used a driving simulator to investigate landmark-based route navigation in young adults.
Previous research has examined how proximal and distal landmarks influence route …