Pilot contamination can spoil the accuracy of channel estimation and then has become one
of the key problems influencing the performance of massive multiple input multiple out-put …

Compared with the traditional multi‐user MIMO (multiple‐input and multiple‐output),
massive MIMO aims to serve tens of users with hundreds of antennas on each base station …

Pilot based acquisition of channel state information (CSI) is a challenging problem in
multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems that allow unscheduled …

In distributed massive multi-input multi-output (DM-MIMO) system, the number of users
simultaneously served is greatly restricted if the pilots allocated for users are orthogonal. In …

Nowadays, Multi-user Multiple-In Multiple-Out (MU-MIMO) systems are used in new
generation wireless technologies. Due to ongoing improvement in wireless technology, the …

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (m-MIMO) is recognized as large-scale MIMO (LS-
MIMO) and is a crucial podium for fifth-generation communication networks (5G) to reinforce …

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a critical technology for future fifth-
generation (5G) systems. Reduced pilot contamination (PC) enhanced system performance …

Salient characteristics of a wireless communication system deploying a great number of
antennas at the base station (BS), namely a massive MIMO system, are investigated in this …

User scheduling in multiuser multiple-input-multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems is
fundamentally different with single-user systems 1, in the sense that without spatial …

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has been viewed as an advanced technique
in future 5G networks. Conventional massive MIMO systems consist of cellular base stations …