Adjuvants enhance immunity to vaccines and experimental antigens by a variety of
mechanisms. In the past decade, many receptors and signaling pathways in the innate …

Vaccines were first introduced more than 200 years ago and have since played a key role in
the reduction of morbidity and mortality caused by infectious diseases. Many of the safest …

Adjuvants are substances that boost the immunogenicity of vaccines. However, most
successful vaccines have been derived empirically and are capable of inducing robust T …

Highlights•Adjuvants can be incorporated into vaccines to enhance the magnitude,
functionality, breadth and durability of antigen-specific immune responses.•A deeper …

Adjuvants are essential components of most clinically used vaccines. This is because the
majority of nonliving vaccines are relatively poor inducers of adaptive immunity unless …

Immune adjuvants are components that stimulate, potentiate, or modulate the immune
response to an antigen. They are key elements of vaccines in both the prophylactic and …

Introduction: Adjuvants form an integral component in most of the inactivated and subunit
vaccine formulations. Careful and proper selection of adjuvants helps in promoting …

Adjuvants are used in many vaccines, but their mechanisms of action are not fully
understood. Studies from the past decade on adjuvant mechanisms are slowly revealing the …

Developing efficient and safe adjuvants for use in human vaccines remains both a challenge
and a necessity. Past approaches have been largely empirical and generally used a single …

The concept of stimulating the body's immune response is the basis underlying vaccination.
Vaccines act by initiating the innate immune response and activating antigen presenting …