Data mining algorithms can process target data and extract useful hidden information, which is helpful for decision making. However, current mining algorithms have some shortcomings such as time-consuming processing of big data or inability to process massive data. Since data mining technology cannot be used in the traditional cloud platform environment, it is necessary to improve the algorithm to make it more suitable for the cloud platform environment. By analyzing the actual application process of BP classification algorithm, this paper expounds the practicability of BP classification algorithm, analyzes the data mining process based on Hadoop cloud platform, and expounds the development ideas of BP classification algorithm. The source of data mining algorithm supported by cloud computing is discussed. Finally, Hadoop cloud platform. This paper designed the corresponding system architecture and data interface, and established a suitable test environment for this system, and completed the simulation experiment test through the design. The calculation time of this algorithm is proportional to the amount of data, showing a linear relationship. In data mining, the optimized BP algorithm in this paper can significantly save resources in terms of spatial features. This paper designs an optimized operating system based on Hadoop platform through comprehensive analysis and improvement algorithm.