… unimodal biometrics, and new opportunities for biometrics were also briefly discussed which
are explained more in detail in the following chapters. As biometrics technologies become …

… , it is possible to consider all the identities whose corresponding match scores exceed the
threshold ξ that leads to a challenging task in a quite large database (eg, FBI’s next generation …

… biometrics research is important in terms of both academic significance and practical value.
In recent years biometrics … progress of several common biometric modalities such as face, iris…

… on different biometric traits and the number of biometric traits used in the biometric systems.
Following this, we investigate biometric-cryptographic systems that integrate biometrics with …

… in contactless fingerprint biometrics. First, we provided a comprehensive overview on
contactless … Finally, we provided an overview on 2D and 3D contactless fingerprint comparison. …

… For example, in 2011, the Department of Defense and the FBI started working on the United
States’ next generation biometric system, named Next Generation Identification (NGI), which …

… biometric samples as “biometric data” acquired by biometric … for several of the most established
biometric modalities: face, … find an overview of approaches to invert biometric templates. …

… for biometric recognition. It … biometric quality-based adaptive fusion is an avenue to address
this issue. In this paper, we present an overview of the literature about multimodal biometrics …

Biometric systems identify individuals based on unique traits such as the face, fingerprints,
iris etc. The main objective of the study is to understand the role of deep learning in the …

… First, we briefly review biometrics in the geographical literature and differentiate between
first and second generation biometrics. The second section provides an overview of the FAST …