… to accurately predict cardiovascular risk in patients with CKD [5]. Deterioration of renal function
causes … Concentration of total indoxyl sulfate exceeds 500 μM in patients with advanced …

… Indeed, loss of renal function is not the sole reason for high serum … cardiovascular events
in patients with advanced CKD. … of free indoxyl sulfate levels independently predicted AVG …

… These findings suggested that IS may play a role in CV dysfunction.5, 6 IS has been reported
to be associated with not only CV disease, but also the deterioration of renal function. IS is …

… The progression of renal dysfunction reduces serum albumin and deteriorates the binding …
can predict the outcome of cardiovascular disease patients with widely varying renal function. …

… predicts renal function deterioration. Though there are some evidences suggest that indoxyl
sulfate may be associated with progression of CKD, … with high risk of cardiovascular events. …

… , oxidative stress, and cardiovascular diseases occurrence. It … risk factor as well as contributes
for decline in a renal function. … markers of renal function, inflammation and oxidative stress. …

… of cardiovascular disease in this large pediatric CKD cohort. … by determining the upper 95%
prediction limit in an univariable … deterioration of renal function, renal replacement therapy, or …

… correlated with renal function and cardiovascular diseases in … the decline of renal function,
also contributes to renal damage … to predict CV and dialysis events in patients with advanced …

… cannot be efficiently eliminated in patients with renal insufficiency… that high serum indoxyl
sulfate could predict progression to … serum indoxyl sulfate and cardiovascular events during the …

… could be lower than seen in patients with renal insufficiency. … [31] demonstrated an increased
risk of cardiovascular events … the patients with more advanced CKD. A recent metabolomic …