… This results in two size-adaptive JPEG compression detectors… In this work, we exploit
Benford–Fourier coefficients to characterize … operations, in particular JPEG compression. Such …

… the Benford-Fourier theory and improved it in [23] or even more [24] to face also multi (up to
three) JPEG … of benford-fourier coefficients. In: IEEE International Workshop on Information …

… problem of detecting a previous compression in JPEG images… For Benford–Fourier we propose
to adaptively choose the DCT … fZ (z), its Benford–Fourier coefficient at ω ∈ R is defined as …

… DCT coefficients F(u, v) to obtain the quantized DCT coefficients \(F_q(u,v)\) (Equation (5)).
Note that quantization is the main source of the loss in the JPEG compression due to its many-…

… In order to adapt the CNN to the special multiple sub-bands data structure of JPEG DCT
coefficients, we design a network structure with multiple branches, as shown in Fig. 2. With 20 …

… In this vein, the method proposed in [18] aims at identifying up to three JPEG compressions
… of Benford-Fourier coefficients [19]. The problem of detecting up to four JPEG compressions …

… A benford-fourier JPEG compression detector. In: IEEE International Conference on Image
… Multiple JPEG compression detection by means of benford-fourier coefficients. IEEE …

… image content to have a more accurate detection. The convolutional neural network (CNN) …
provide acceptable detection accuracy and sensitivity to quality factors (QFs) in two scenarios…

… detecting the traces of previous JPEG compression in images stored in an uncompressed
format. Such a scenario arises in many … detector based on the statistics of Benford-Fourier (BF) …

… of Benford–Fourier coefficients that enabled detecting the number of compression stages …
results pertaining to multiple compression detection in JPEG images. Overlapping blocks of …