… deep learning–based methods for encoding sign language … sign language understanding
including textto-text translation, … Learning: The model is trained using Adam optimization with a …

… , Irish, American Sign Language and Indian Sign Language, … A loss function is used to
optimize the machine learning … In this paper, signs are translated into text statements to help …

… Conversion of sign language into speech or text must bridge … The usage of hand-crafted
features and machine learning (ML) … deep models, and optimization hyperparameters on static …

… American sign language is used in this project to understand … by converting it to text and
speech. It can also help someone … provide an optimization algorithm that can handle sparse …

… sign language translator which can translate sign language into natural language and outputs
in text … gradient descent method for optimization which iteratively approximates the CNN …

… translate English text into Pakistani sign language [24]. Spanish speech to Spanish sign
language translation … the re-estimation of the HMM parameter helps to optimize the probability. …

… [12] proposed Arabic text to Arabic sign language translation … optimization tool that
incorporates more number of … among three promising deep learning-based approaches (the pre-…

… Our contributions comprise the creation of Indian Sign Language (ISL… We use batch
normalization and Adam optimization techniques … Elakkiya, ‘‘Machine learning based sign …

… to sign language translation whereby text or voice in a natural … Indian Sign Language (ISL)
and Chinese Sign Language (CSL) … Therefore, the existing deep learning-based translation …

… gesture and simultaneously converting it into meaningful text/audio. This system can be
broadly … Signet: A deep learning based indian sign language recognition system. In: 2019 …