… optimal pilot length and optimal pilot assignment in massive MIMO, where pilot contamination
… , that when we do not have a control over Ncoh/K = 2, the optimal pilot assignment strategy …

… the investigated cellular network with three pilot reuse factors… with 16 asymmetric cells (and
wrap around) as illustrated in … interference can be avoided by increasing the pilot reuse factor …

… channels and every pilot being reused in every cell, and a … cell scenarios where the pilot
signals are not reused in every … We apply the classic 19-cell-wrap-around structure to avoid …

… the pilots are reused over L = 7 hexagonal cells, the maximum number of supported users
in the L cells is … and interference from the second and higher tiers of cells can be neglected. …

… Massive MIMO promises many advantages over the conventional … As we can see, channel
estimation error caused by pilot reuse will lead to inter-cell interference on both uplink and …

… the existing pilot reuse protocols that restrict the pilot length … inter-cell interference caused
by the correlated pilot becomes … Note that either the reuse of the same pilot across cells (Tp = …

… , average SNR at the reference cell BS is uniform over (prj/σ2 … interfering users that reuse
reference cell pilots, and five other strong interfering users that do not reuse reference cell pilots…

… of cellular users (CUs), leading to cochannel interference. To decrease pilot overhead, we
assume pilot reuse (… the feasibility of PR over spatially correlated massive MIMO channels with …

… a massive number of controllable access points out over a … of user equipments (UEs) over
the same time/frequency resources… , avoiding the high interference for cell-edge UEs in cellular …

… Along with these advantages, massive MIMO comes up with certain challenges as well. In
massive MIMO orthogonal pilots are reused in many cells … inter-cell interference. Spectral …