Current passive optical networks (PONs) use on–off keying (OOK) modulation throughout
the entire network regardless of actual path losses. Statistics of commercial gigabit passive …

Non-uniform pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) utilizes unequal distances between its
modulation levels. In a multilevel PAM symbol, multiple bits are encoded. Due to the …

Utilizing unused power budget to increase network capacity in practical PON deployments by
introducing flexible modulation Page 1 Utilizing Unused Power Budget to Increase Network …

While infrastructure providers are expanding their portfolio to offer sustainable solutions for
beyond 10 Gbps in the access segment of optical networks, we experimentally compare …

Despite the first ever standardization of a passive optical network (PON) that exclusively
uses an expansion in the wavelength domain rather than the time domain to enhance …

In this paper, we propose a novel passive optical network (PON) architecture that has
multiple optical line terminals (OLTs). Unlike existing PONs where all ONUs are connected …

Various approaches have been developed for next generation passive optical networks (NG-
PONs) in order to achieve higher data rates, larger counts of wavelength channels, and …

As an ultimate broadband access solution for future Internet, the passive optical network
(PON) brings many advantages such as cost effectiveness, energy savings, service …

We propose a new optical access network concept named “Mini-PON.” This concept
features the separation of passive optical network (PON)-optical line terminal (OLT) …

Extending the reach of traditional passive optical networks (PONs) to 100 km and increasing
the split ratio beyond 1: 64 are promising solutions in future optical access networks. These …