Excitotoxicity (immunoexcitotoxicity) as a critical component of the cytokine storm reaction in pulmonary viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2

RL Blaylock - International Journal of Vaccine Theory, Practice, and …, 2021 - mail.ijvtpr.com
A hyperimmune state secondary to dysregulation of the immune system during lower
pulmonary viral infections, sepsis and in some cases non-infectious disorders, is now …

Is SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein impairing macrophage function via α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors?

S Tanmay, D Labrou, K Farsalinos, K Poulas - Food and Chemical …, 2021 - Elsevier
The innate immune cells play an important role in handling early infections, and can
eliminate them completely up to a certain threshold. Beyond that threshold they take up their …

Targeting purinergic receptors to suppress the cytokine storm induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection in pulmonary tissue

JLB Simões, HF Basso, GC Kosvoski, J Gavioli… - International …, 2021 - Elsevier
The etiological agent of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is the new member of the
Coronaviridae family, a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus (SARS-CoV …

Innate receptor activation patterns involving TLR and NLR synergisms in COVID-19, ALI/ARDS and sepsis cytokine storms: a review and model making novel …

R Root-Bernstein - International journal of molecular sciences, 2021 - mdpi.com
Severe COVID-19 is characterized by a “cytokine storm”, the mechanism of which is not yet
understood. I propose that cytokine storms result from synergistic interactions among Toll …

May the central nervous system be fogged by the cytokine storm in COVID-19?: an appraisal

YH Balcioglu, UH Yesilkaya, H Gokcay… - Journal of Neuroimmune …, 2020 - Springer
Dysfunction”(Acharya et al. 2020). They have reviewed current literature on the neurological
complications and manifestations of COVID-19, however, they were able to identify only a …

[HTML][HTML] Part I. SARS-CoV-2 triggered 'PANIC'attack in severe COVID-19

EM Frohman, NR Villemarette-Pittman… - Journal of the …, 2020 - Elsevier
Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has produced a world-wide
collapse of social and economic infrastructure, as well as constrained our freedom of …

[PDF][PDF] The COVID-19 Burden or Tryptophan Syndrome: Autoim-munity, Immunoparalysis and Tolerance in a Tumorigenic Environment

Z LGFABD, LL Galvão - J Infect Dis Epidemiol, 2021 - researchgate.net
Abstract SARS-CoV-2, a new virus, which has been causing the catastrophic pandemic in
the world in 2020, triggers numerous physiologic changes in humans, with potentially fatal …

[HTML][HTML] A pathophysiological perspective on COVID-19's lethal complication: from viremia to hypersensitivity pneumonitis-like immune dysregulation

MA Sanchez-Gonzalez, D Moskowitz… - Infection & …, 2020 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the coronavirus
responsible for our recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, is driving a lung …

Glutamine Deficiency Promotes Immune and Endothelial Cell Dysfunction in COVID-19

W Durante - International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2023 - mdpi.com
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused the death of almost 7
million people worldwide. While vaccinations and new antiviral drugs have greatly reduced …

Potential immunotherapeutic targets for hypoxia due to COVI-Flu

Y Leyfman, TK Erick, SS Reddy, S Galwankar… - Shock, 2020 - journals.lww.com
The world is currently embroiled in a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a
respiratory illness caused by the novel betacoronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome …