… the energy consumption of nodes. However, the existing EE routing protocols do not utilize
hierarchical routing and … in which multiple energy levels and cluster-based multihop routing is …

… -art energy-efficient and energy-balanced routing protocols. A … energy-efficient and
energy-balanced routing protocols … The knowledge of the energy level of the SN becomes more …

… In this paper, we propose an enhanced balanced energy efficient … ) routing protocol, by
analyzing communication energy consumption of the clusters and large range of energy levels in …

… Some of the nodes under those protocols start with higher initial energy levels. The maximum
average lifetime is obtained under the EAMR. Even though DEEC and SEP start with %25 …

… efficiency distance are considered in the definition of desirability, which help the ant to
select the path with high energy level that can achieve high energy efficiency to prolong the …

… Wireless sensor networks (WSN) consist of a large number of sensor nodes with finite and
limited energy levels distributed throughout a finite area. The energy of the nodes is mostly …

… In this article we study the different routing protocols and existing improvements in a first
section. In Section 2 we present a comparative study of different protocols. In Section 3, we …

… This paper presents a routing protocol for WSN called an energy-balanced routing
protocol (… drawbacks of the protocols mentioned above, this paper proposed an energy-balanced …

… of the current CH is smaller than the threshold value, then it compares the energy level and
… and energy level along with the sensing data. The CH of each cluster computes energy level …

… energy efficient routing protocol is developed which is more efficient than currently avaliable
routing protocols. … The energy level is made dynamic in the APTEEN protocol. Therefore, the …