… This is characterised by increased levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β,
IL-6, IL-18, IL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interferon (IFN)-γ-…

… Plasmin inhibition could control the deadly cytokine storm in patients with … cytokines including
tumor necrosis factor-α and Fas-ligand directly. It could also relieve the cytokine storm via …

… and secondary cytokine storms. Primary cytokine storm: This type of cytokine storm is caused
… such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) can be effective in …

… tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or IL-1, thus causing cardiovascular insufficiency, hypotension,
and decreased end-organ perfusion. The first large randomized controlled trial (RCT) using a …

… Cytokine storm in patients with severe symptoms is understood to be characterized by
enhanced serum levels of many cytokines including interleukin-1β, … Tumor necrosis factor …

… because it stimulates the production of other pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-6
and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Despite promising early results, further clinical studies with …

… )-γ, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating
factor (GM-CSF) [5]. In addition, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1, IL-2, IL-2-receptor-α, …

… Severe COVID-19 manifests as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with elevated
plasma proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor …

… receptors (TLRs), they activate the nuclear factor of кB (NF-ĸB) to generate different cytokines,
among which is tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukins (IL): (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18) [24]. IL…

… several cytokine storm mediators from monocytes, neutrophils, and endothelial cells [13].
Cyclosporin prevents cytokine storm … of the transmembrane protein tumor necrosis factor-alpha. …