… Continuous authentication: In the literature, there are only preliminary studies on continuous
authentication methods [… datasets of samples collected continuously for long periods of time. …

… users’ pulsatile signals from photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors … filtering methods to
mitigate the impacts of transient and continuous … Some initial studies have explored PPG-based …

… photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor can also provide unique cardiac biometric information
for user authentication [… Some initial studies have explored PPG-based authentications. For …

… employed solution resorts to biometric signals, such as photoplethysmography (PPG) [4] …
preliminary study on continuous authentication methods for photo- plethysmographic biometrics,…

… , which provides a unique perspective on continuous user verification, our model excelled
with an … effectiveness in distinguishing between users in a continuous verification scenario. …

… and the related work for building a biometric authentication system using PPG signals. First,
section 2.1 will discuss the various types of authentication modes for machine learning (ML) …

… A low-cost continuous authentication system basing on fiducial features and adaptive
classifier, … [24] present a preliminary study on an approach that extracts features from different …

… the literature, there are only preliminary studies on continuous authentication methods [1]. …
preliminary study on continuous authentication methods for photoplethysmographic biometrics…

… Hwang et al. describe a method for biometric authentication using photoplethysmography
(… The previous paper, like this study, studies effortless continuous authentication using PPG …

… PPG signals as reliable biometric information for biological authentication. PPG signals …
peakdetection methods) is necessary. Since we focus on continuous authentication in this work, …