Vehicle detection plays an important role in the development of an autonomous driving
system. Fast processing and accurate detection are two major aspects of generating the …

… particle filter is generally a better method … filter and particle filter have the disadvantage of
the requirement of previous knowledge in modeling the system. Kalman filter or particle filter …

… To handle the problems, this paper proposes a reliable tracking method based on particle filter
focus … First, this paper proposed a particle position reset module to replace the resampling …

Histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) are often used as features for object detection in
images, since they are robust to changes in illumination and environmental conditions. However…

… Another study [49] proposed a method for detecting dynamic objects using Kalman filtering,
with results showing values of MSE ¡ 10 and values of PSNR. Furthermore, correlation …

… A relative-discriminativehistogram-of-oriented-gradients-based particle filter approach to
vehicle occlusion handling and tracking. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 61(8), …

… Experimental results in [32] were also compared with an ideal license-plate detector and a
particle filter tracker approach presented in [11]. Table 4 shows the results compared with the …

… due to the need to replace the particle filter as a localization algorithm because of its … , “A
relative-discriminative-histogram-of-oriented-gradients-based particle filter approach to …

… Juang, ‘‘A relative-discriminative-histogram-of-oriented-gradientsbased particle filter
approach to vehicle occlusion handling and tracking,’’ IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. …

… handled the partial or total shadow using an adaptive particle filter. Similarly, Wu … filter
method in the same colored circles. To determine the ROIs, we adopt our state estimation method …