Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of blindness in adult, and the accumulation of
advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is a major pathologic event in DR. Methylglyoxal …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) are two important
leading causes of acquired blindness in developed countries. As accumulation of advanced …

Oxidative stress-associated retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell death is critically
implicated in the pathogenesis of visual dysfunction and blindness of retinal degenerative …

Methylglyoxal (MGO), a glycolytic metabolite, induces oxidative injury and apoptotic cell
death that play a pathogenetic role in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This study …

The protective effects and mechanisms of metformin against oxidative stress were evaluated
both in vivo and in vitro. ARPE‐19 cells comprised the normal group, the glyoxal‐treated …

Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness with limited
effective treatment. Although the pathogenesis of this disease is complex and not fully …

Retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common pathological process responsible for
cellular damage in glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and hypertensive retinopathy. Metformin …

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play an important role in the onset of diabetic
retinopathy. Therefore, in the current study, we investigate whether and how Tanshinone IIa …

Methylglyoxal (MGO) is an active metabolite of glucose and plays a prominent role in the
pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications, including endothelial cell apoptosis …

Under metabolic stress conditions such as hypoxia and glucose deprivation, an increase in
the AMP: ATP ratio activates the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, resulting in …