Since sensor nodes use limited battery power, sensor nodes power is considered to be a
challenge and fundamental issue in wireless networks. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) …

Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of spatially distributed
sensor nodes connected through the wireless medium to monitor and record the physical …

Wireless sensor networks play a vital role in this digital world through various applications in
several domains. The sensor networks are heavily energy constrained due to limited battery …

Since sensor nodes make use of battery energy, energy consumption and limitation of
sensor nodes is regarded as a fundamental challenge and problem in wireless sensor …

Purpose Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have emerged as one of the most promising
technology in our day-to-day life. Limited network lifetime and higher energy consumption …

How to make efficient data routing in energy constrained wireless sensor networks (WSNs)
is one of the key points. In order to find the optimal path of data transmission in the WSNs, a …

Maximizing network lifetime is the main goal of designing a wireless sensor network.
Clustering and routing can effectively balance network energy consumption and prolong …

In this paper, we propose an efficient routing algorithm for large scale cluster-based wireless
sensor networks. The technique uses two routing levels. In the first level (intra-cluster) …

A wireless sensor network is a wireless communication network, and each sensor node has
several sensors to collect environmental information. Wireless sensor network nodes have …

Due to the nonuniform node distribution, the energy consumption among nodes are more
imbalanced in cluster-based wireless sensor networks. Based on this problem, in this paper …