Rationale: In life-threatening coronavirus disease (COVID-19), corticosteroids reduce
mortality, suggesting that immune responses have a causal role in death. Whether this …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19), a rapidly evolving pandemic worldwide with at least 68 million …

Studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 has the ability to activate and mature proinflammatory
cytokines in the body. Cytokine markers are a group of polypeptide signalling molecules that …

The COVID-19 outbreak is emerging as a significant public health challenge. Excessive
production of proinflammatory cytokines, also known as cytokine storm, is a severe clinical …

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 presents with a spectrum of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic or mild …

Hyperactivation of the host immune system during infection by SARS-CoV-2 is the leading
cause of death in COVID-19 patients. It is also evident that patients who develop …

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus, COVID-19, was discovered to be the causal agent
of a severe respiratory infection named SARS-CoV-2, and it has since been recognized …

Sepsis is a life-threatening systemic illness attributed to a dysregulated host response to
infection. Sepsis is a global burden killing~ 11 million persons annually. In December 2019 …

Objectives The severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely determined by
the immune response. First studies indicate altered lymphocyte counts and function …

Background SARS-CoV-2 has been responsible for considerable mortality worldwide, owing
in particular to pulmonary failures such as ARDS, but also to other visceral failures and …