… In this review, we provide an overview of the age-related changes in the immune system with
a … the age-related changes in different innate immune cell subsets and their consequences. …

… of age-related changes affecting immune cells and how that … protective immune response
to virus infection and vaccination. … immune cell functions and vaccine efficacy in older adults. …

… of the aging immune system and gut microbiome, (ii) discuss the impact of age-related
changes in the gut commensal community structure (introduced as microb-aging) on host-immune …

… growth and immune-mediated tissue damage. Since the impact of aging on immune function,
is … recent understanding of age-related changes affecting key components of immunity. The …

… factors to the age-related decline in vaccine efficacy, such as … innate immune system has
instrumental roles in the vaccine … immunity supports the vaccine response and how aging …

… However, there are few data on vaccine efficacy in elderly individuals above the age of 80 1
… cellular immune responses following vaccination with mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 2 in elderly …

… A more detailed knowledge about age-related changes of the immune system will enable
us to rationally design vaccines, which specifically target the aged immune system and are …

… The age-related changes in the immune system result in defects in immune system function,
… -resident plasma cells and vaccine-induced antibody titres in aged mice, especially those …

… In the elderly, repeated boosts of vaccine egg-adapted epitopes … Variability in influenza
vaccine–induced immunity and … the age-related impact of vaccine egg adaptation, immune …

… , probably reflecting age-related changes in the immune system, which can also compromise
vaccine efficacy. It is nonetheless unclear to what extent different vaccine platforms are …