… prompted network operators to target a broader range of future use … opportunistic usage of
the unused portions of the spectrum, … for future multicast communications in cellular networks. …

… Or, the static spectrum access technique adopted on the … Then, we identified some research
challenges and future … utilize vacant frequency spectrum within its detection range. Therefore…

… in future implementation is the scarcity of the radio spectrum [… SS for uplink multiple cognitive
femto users operating in … mobile networks offer high spectrum efficiency and coverage …

… It provides network awareness, spectrum sharing, and active radio … “Cognitive femtocell
networks: An opportunistic spectrum access for future indoor wireless coverage” IEEE Wireless …

… When using opportunistic spectrum sharing like this, it does not … on wireless network’s EE
to improve the future networks. … cellular networks, a macrocell BS ensures the coverage in …

… the cellular band, Femtocell applies dynamic spectrum access … attributes, the upcoming
cognitive cellular system assists in … access for future indoor wireless coverage,” IEEE Wireless …

… This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been
… CR depends on opportunistic spectrum access, spectrum sharing, and sensing-based en- …

… in the small cells in the indoor coverage. Accordingly, the 3 rd … spectrum sharing schemes
such that updating spectrum … is necessary for 5G and upcoming 6G mobile systems, which …

… TV as well as current and future digital TV broadcasters. In … , femtocell networks can provide
better coverage and higher … spectrum sharing between a primary user and cognitive radio …

… Interweave is based on an opportunistic spectrum sensing … requirements for future wireless
communication. The relay-assisted … Femtocell uses a macro cell base station to communicate …