… GMM supervector encoding to identify writers from samples in the ICDAR 2013 and the CVL
datasets. The work was later extended [14] to introduce VLAD encoding of the activations of …

… -end classification by CNN, we also extract activations from the trained model and encode
them … performance on the three datasets using VLAD encoding in Table 5. In addition to Top-1 …

… handwriting patterns for writer identification. From the application point of view, one of the main
benefits of handwriting based writer identification … image, the activation functions of one of …

… for writer identification by activation features of CNNs. These local descriptors are used by
GMM super-vector encoding method to create a global descriptor. Finally, the encoded global …

… with the help of various coding schemes accompanied by a … Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU)
is an activation function used to … convolution layer is passed through the activation function. …

… feature for human handwriting characteristics. Our approach can also provide text-independent
writer identification that we do not need to have the same handwriting content for …

… has been utilized as an activation function. The observation … CNN, machine of constrained
Boltzmann, automatic encoder, … CNN and SVM classifiers for Arabic handwriting recognition. …

… Handwriting recognition of scanned documents and digital … DL method with Stacked
Auto-Encoder (SAE) for Arabic digits’ … algorithm that uses the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) …

… about CNN design for handwriting recognition tasks. How is … The activation function
used in the present work is the non-… A system for offline character recognition using auto-encoder …

… follows: SIFT with Fisher vector encoding and Pathlet with VLAD encoding. The third team
from … CNN to train the system using patches extracted from SIFT descriptors. Then we encoded …