… significantly enhanced for reliability, lifetime, and energy savings (i) In this approach, … variation
of density of nodes keeps the same benefit and improvement with residual energy, stability…

… Aiming at a higher energy efficiency for the entire network, a … of the instantaneous change
in energy level. Furthermore, link… energy density sensor nodes. In this research, Gateway …

… , the authors incorporated energy efficient clustering technique while at … energy efficiency
and network lifetime. In this paper, the authors attempted to derive a Density Based Clustering (…

… to select of energy efficient CHs for clustering. The intelligent … clustering with the ‘‘Density-Based
Spatial Clustering of … A new variation of LEACH, LEACH-FC, has been developed …

… carried for the energy efficient clustering for the heterogeneous … of CH was done based on
energy, node density, and the … ith node where i varies from 1 to N (total nodes in network). In …

… path of cluster head nodes to maximize the energy efficiency, … change dynamically, which
can result in unstable network … the network nodes according to the node density using MS …

… The multiple weights like residual, distance, and cluster density are taken to select CH in
the anticipated model. The finest node is selected as CH because of considering predominant …

… Simulation of energy efficient cluster-based secured routing … The density of sensors in
cluster s(a, b), s(x, y), and s(p, q) is … The energy level of each portable sensor node varies, and …

… HEED is independent of SNs distribution or SNs density in a network. … where \(E_o\) is
the initial and lowest level of energy and a is the variation in energy level over SNs. In H-HEED, …

… lead to frequent and unpredictable changes in the network’s … lifetime, and overall energy
efficiency by creating clusters and … If the density of nodes in the cluster is the same, then ρ = 1 M …