… selection of additional measures to mitigate both the expected consequences of the risk and
their frequencies. However, the rareness of fire accidents in road tunnels and the scarcity of …

… this paper assesses fire incidents in Norwegian road tunnels [1… modelling the rate of fire
incidents in Norwegian road tunnels. … the model in Table 8, as it captures the interaction of length …

… models of the road tunnels. The tunnel slope changes from 0 to 10% with a 2% spacing. As
the models show, the fire … and on the model and the values measured for the model fires of …

… fire disasters in tunnels. In this paper, four full-scale fire experiments were performed in Jiangpu
road … of each oil pool were 0.8 m × 0.8 m × 0.1 m, and the fire size D is 0.8 m in this study…

… Therefore, we propose a simulation model that is able to … fires in the tunnels. Therefore, we
used the one-dimensional … C along the whole length of the tunnel tube for the fires 20 MW and …

… Selecting fires safety measures for road tunnels relies mainly … lack in dealing rigorously with
measures' selection amongst … account only any standard measures existing. Subsequently, …

… fires in road tunnels include fewer sharp bends or intersections, less susceptibility to weather
variations and additional cautiousness of drivers in tunnels… cross-sectional dimensions and …

… simulations are conducted in fire dynamics simulator by varying ventilation velocity, amount
of fuel, tunnel slope, ignition point, and criteria for fire spread … Fire size in tunnels is typically …

… As a measure of the modeling accuracy the root mean square deviation (RMSD) was
adopted. The relation between the value of RMSD and the height of wall roughness (h r ) can be …

… and validation of simulation models to predict … model and medium-scale test [50] to expand
the knowledge of under-ventilated fires in tunnels with entrance openings of different sizes in …