… of scientific impact, and these differences in performance reveal … The gender of all scientists
with at least a PhD degree is … into three stages based on distinct opening and closing dates (…

… platform is non-proprietary and hence accessible for research without jeopardizing privacy
… that going from open to closed workplaces increased men’s productivity on average by 5% …

… We also observe gender homophily between scientific authors and … (PubMed is also open
but is limited to the life sciences … In Appendix Table A3, we perform a complementary analysis …

… sources in analyzing the scientific workforce along gender, age, … In the report, the research
productivity and citation impact of … by country (20 biggest systems only) and gender (right top). …

… in the literature and inform future research and policy, our … issues like gender-bias [179] in
design of open source tools … closed and proprietary systems; yet open infrastructures often …

… and Technology’s (CREST) proprietary database, SAK. It is a … largest gender gap in research
productivity is found for the health … of gender bias, lower positions, and lower performance: …

… reviewers performing across multiple ESI research areas. … gender representation in scientific
publishing that we will refer to … widespread gender differences in academic productivity also …

… Gender diversity has a positive effect on productivity, as it … performance may or may not
align with sex assigned at birth. … the scientific evidence about challenges and gender bias. …

… of university research output performance and staff gender (… Our existing frameworks, built
on exclusive and proprietary … It critiques the production and communication of data relating …

… that would allow gender parity in the patent system. And, … common resource unencumbered
by proprietary restraints, a … Empirically we know that female scientists and engineers are …