… resulted in the defects in joint development and a failure of … and delayed development [11].
Taken together, the effects of … of heteromeric complexes of type I and type II serine/threonine …

… , skeleton morphogenesis, growth plate development, and on … (Type I) and age-related or
senile osteoporosis (Type II) [10,… BMP-2 and inactivating the BMP/TGF-β axis, presenting a …

… in the context of joint development, homeostasis maintenance, … medium with transforming
growth factor beta (TGF-β) (2 ng/mL… of type II collagen and MINK1 in tibial cartilage from normal …

… of growth factors present in the epiphyseal growth plate, and … NELL-1, which is not a member
of the TGF-β superfamily, … of cartilage, such as collagen type II, cartilage oligomeric matrix …

… A key development in the late 1980s related to harvesting of large numbers of osteoclast
precursors (OCPs) from BM or spleen cells, which could then be cultured in the absence of …

… The region-of-interest along the tibial metaphysis was defined as a region 1,000 µm beneath
the metaphyseal growth plate. Briefly, the interface of trabecular and cortical surfaces was …

… -infected untreated mice develop the classical rheumatic … growth factor-β superfamily (TGF-β),
fibroblast growth factor … , reduced transcript levels of HLA class II molecules and reduced …

… the growth plate. Long bone elongation, in general, is mediated by mechanical stimuli …
developed (ie after morphogenesis of the medial overhang in dinosaurs). Dotted line ‘p’, the axis …

… ECM proteins like aggrecan and type II collagen [86], it also … of articulating joints by reducing
the friction between elements [… type II collagen throughout the skeleton later in development […

… was defined as the one between the ‘distal end axis’ (see … parallel as the femoral head offset
developed (figure 3a2–4). … that regulate long bone elongation at the growth plate (eg [85–87]…